Loco Osnabrück

The founding of Osnabrück was linked to its positioning on important European trading routes. Charles the Great founded the Diocese of Osnabrück in The city was also a member of the Hanseatic League.

The city is also known as the birthplace of anti-war novelist Erich-Maria Remarque and painter Felix Nussbaum.

More recently Osnabrück has become well known for its industry. Numerous companies in the automobile, paper, steel and grocery sectors are located in the city and its surrounding area.

Osnabrück was also the home of the largest British garrison outside the United Kingdom. The origin of the name Osnabrück is disputed.

It may also be noted that Osnabrueck is situated on the northern end of the Teutoberg Forest, which until the 19th century was known as the Osning.

The way in which the city's name is pronounced can also serve as a means of telling if the speaker is a native of Osnabrück or a visitor: most locals stress the last syllable, while those from elsewhere tend to stress the first one.

Osnabrück initially developed as a marketplace next to the bishopric founded by Charlemagne , King of the Franks , in Some time prior to , the city became the seat of the Prince-Bishopric of Osnabrück.

Although the precise date is uncertain, it is likely that Osnabrück is the oldest bishopric in Lower Saxony. In the year Charlemagne was said to have founded the Gymnasium Carolinum in Osnabrück.

This would make it the oldest German Gymnasium school, but the charter date is disputed by historians, some of whom believe it could be a forgery.

In the town was given merchant, customs, and coinage privileges by King Arnulf of Carinthia. Osnabrück was first referred to in records as a "city" in A decade later, Emperor Frederick Barbarossa granted the city fortification privileges Befestigungsrecht.

Most of the towers which were part of the original fortifications are still visible in the city. Osnabrück became a member of the Hanseatic League in the 12th century, as well as a member of the Westphalian Federation of Cities.

The history of the town in the later Middle Ages was recorded in a chronicle by Albert Suho , one of Osnabrück's most important clerics in the 15th century.

From to there was a considerable amount of social unrest and tension in Osnabrück due to the Protestant Reformation , the Thirty Years' War and also witch hunting.

In , during the rule of Mayor Hammacher — , women were executed as alleged witches; most of them were burned alive. In total, women were executed, along with 2 men who had been charged with wizardry.

The first Lutheran services were held in Osnabrück in Over the next century, Lutheranism expanded in the city and several Protestant bishops were elected.

However, the Catholic churches continued to operate, and the city never became completely Lutheran. After the Thirty Years' War broke out, a Catholic bishop was elected in , and the city was occupied by troops of the Catholic League in Peace negotiations took place in Osnabrück and the nearby city of Münster from to Osnabrück was officially recognized as bi-confessional Catholic and Lutheran.

The prince-bishopric would be held alternately by a Catholic bishop and a Lutheran bishop. The Protestant bishop would be selected from the descendants of the Dukes of Brunswick-Lüneburg , with priority given to the cadets of what became the House of Hanover.

From , prince-bishop Ernest Augustus , Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg , built the new baroque palace.

His son, George I of Great Britain , died in the palace, at the time residence of his younger brother, prince-bishop Ernest Augustus, Duke of York and Albany , on a travel on 11 June In the early 18th century, renowned local jurist and social theorist Justus Möser wrote a highly influential constitutional history of the town, the Osnabrücker Geschichte.

The French Revolutionary Wars brought Prussian troops into the city in , followed by the French in Control of Osnabrück passed to the Electorate of Hanover in during the German Mediatisation , and then briefly to the Kingdom of Prussia in From to the city was part of the Kingdom of Westphalia , after which it passed to the First French Empire.

After , it became part of the Kingdom of Hanover. The town's first railway line was built in , connecting it with Löhne.

Further rail connections appeared over the following decades, connecting Osnabrück with Emden from , Cologne from and Hamburg from Growth of the local economy and population was fuelled by expansion in the engineering and textile industries, with the Hammersen Weaving Mill established in and the Osnabrücker Kupfer- und Drahtwerk metallurgical firm following in By , Osnabrück had over 70, inhabitants.

Politically, Osnabrück in the s was a stronghold of support for the Social Democrats and the Catholic Centre Party.

Osnabrück Altstadt. Verkehrsgemeinschaft Osnabrück. Retrieved 2 December Retrieved 18 May Namespaces Article Talk.

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Entrance building and station forecourt. The city suffered widespread destruction in World War II , but several historic buildings survived, including the palace of the elector bishops —90 , the city hall — with its peace hall Friedenssaal , and the Gothic church of St.

Mary — Other medieval buildings include the 13th-century Romanesque cathedral and St. There are town houses dating from the 13th—19th centuries, one of which was the birthplace of the writer and statesman Justus Möser — The city is the seat of the University of Osnabrück founded Osnabrück features a municipal zoo, a planetarium, and a museum of cultural history.

In the vicinity are several moated castles e. Osnabrück Article Media Additional Info. Print Cite.

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